The cloud EMV kernel solution keeps all the EMV data on the cloud, not in the hardware. The solution provides detailed information about EMV transactions for reporting/troubleshooting. EMV specifications have data elements such as TVR and CVR. However, they don’t give all info needed. For example, if offline authentication fails in a transaction, these data elements inform that it has failed but doesn’t indicate the reason for it. Cloud EMV kernel solution maintains advanced data elements for troubleshooting and reporting, far beyond the EMV specifications.